NUMBER SYSTEM IN DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Hello friends, welcome to ELECTRONICS ENCYCLOPEDIA. In this article we will study about the number system in digital electronics.

WHAT IS NUMBER SYSTEM?

System used to count the discrete units is called Number System.

Various Number system used in digital electronics are :

1. Decimal Number System

2. Binary Number System

3. Octal Number System

4. Hexadecimal Number System

DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

It is most commonly used number system. It consists of 10 digits(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) therefore radix/base of this number system is 10.

Each digit in the decimal number is assigned a weight. For example -consider a number 8734. It can be written as -

8734 =  (8*10³) + (7*10²) + (3*10¹) + (4*10⁰)

The digit on the right has a weight of 10⁰ and digit at the extreme left has weight 10³.

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BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM

Decimal Number system is not suited for electronic devices. Electronic devices remains in two state, namely ON and OFF. Therefore, binary number system is used because it contains only two digits,0 and 1. It has base = 2.

Since only two digits are used, therefore weight are the power of 2 instead of 10. For example-

(11001)₂ = (1*2⁴) + (1*2³) +(0*2²) + (0*2¹) + (1*2⁰) = 25 (in decimal)

OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM

Octal number system contains eight digits,0 to 7. It has base = 8.

Since only two digits are used, therefore weight are the power of 8 . For example-

(1573)₈ = (1*8³) +(5*8²) + (7*8¹) + (3*8⁰) = 891 (in decimal)

HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

Hexadecimal number system contains sixteen digits,0 to 9 and A to F. It has base = 16.

Since sixteen digits are used, therefore weight are the power of 16 . For example-

(D8E6)₈ = (D*16³) +(8*16²) + (E*16¹) + (6*16⁰) 

                  (13*16³) +(8*16²) + (14*16¹) + (6*16⁰)  = 55526 (in decimal)

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